balk
pronunciation
How to pronounce balk in British English: UK [bɔːk]
How to pronounce balk in American English: US [bɔːk]
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- Noun:
- the area on a billiard table behind the balkline
- something immaterial that interferes with or delays action or progress
- one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof
- an illegal pitching motion while runners are on base
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- Verb:
- refuse to comply
Word Origin
- balk
- balk: [OE] There are two separate strands of meaning in balk, or baulk, as it is also spelled. When it first entered English in the 9th century, from Old Norse bálkr, it meant a ‘ridge of land, especially one between ploughed furrows’, from which the modern sense ‘stumbling block, obstruction’ developed. It is not until about 1300 that the meaning ‘beam of timber’ appears in English, although it was an established sense of the Old Norse word’s Germanic ancestor *balkon (source also of English balcony).The common element of meaning in these two strands is something like ‘bar’, which may have been present in the word’s ultimate Indo- European base *bhalg- (possible source of Greek phálagx ‘log, phalanx’).=> balcony, phalanx
- balk (n.)
- Old English balca "ridge, bank," from or influenced by Old Norse balkr "ridge of land," especially between two plowed furrows, both from Proto-Germanic *balkon- (cognates: Old Saxon balko, Danish bjelke, Old Frisian balka, Old High German balcho, German Balken "beam, rafter"), from PIE *bhelg- "beam, plank" (cognates: Latin fulcire "to prop up, support," fulcrum "bedpost;" Lithuanian balziena "cross-bar;" and possibly Greek phalanx "trunk, log, line of battle"). Modern senses are figurative, representing the balk as a hindrance or obstruction (see balk (v.)). Baseball sense is first attested 1845.
- balk (v.)
- late 14c., "to leave an unplowed ridge when plowing," from balk (n.). Extended meaning "to omit, intentionally neglect" is mid-15c. Most modern senses are figurative, from the notion of a balk in the fields as a hindrance or obstruction: sense of "stop short" (as a horse confronted with an obstacle) is late 15c.; that of "to refuse" is 1580s. Related: Balked; balking.
Example
- 1. Should lawmakers balk , he said he would take action on his own authority .
- 2. But there must be a price that even san franciscans would balk at paying to reduce their waste .
- 3. They balk even at the president 's modest plan .
- 4. Those used by engineering companies cost serious money-and even they might balk at printing an object the size of the milk carton derby boat .
- 5. Even confident investors , however , may balk at how much debt they will soon be asked to buy .