bureaucracy
pronunciation
How to pronounce bureaucracy in British English:
UK [bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi]
How to pronounce bureaucracy in American English:
US [bjʊˈrɑːkrəsi]
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- Noun:
- nonelective government officials
Word Origin
- bureaucracy (n.)
- 1818, from French bureaucratie, coined by French economist Jean Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay (1712-1759) on model of democratie, aristocratie, from bureau "office," literally "desk" (see bureau) + Greek suffix -kratia denoting "power of" (see -cracy). That vast net-work of administrative tyranny ... that system of bureaucracy, which leaves no free agent in all France, except for the man at Paris who pulls the wires. [J.S. Mill, "Westminster Review" XXVIII, 1837] bureaucrat, &c. The formation is so barbarous that all attempt at self-respect in pronunciation may perhaps as well be abandoned. [Fowler]
Synonym
Example
- 1. But the most crucial factor may be bureaucracy .
- 2. Japan 's bureaucracy and feckless lawmakers deserve the blame .
- 3. This is no brussels bureaucracy !
- 4. How is the bureaucracy structured ?
- 5. Government bureaucracy can be damaging too .