equivalence

1. The second assumption of the revenue equivalence theorem is that all bidders are risk-neutral .

收入等价定理的第二项假设是：所有的竞标者都是风险中性的。

2. Because fiscal positions were sound , there was less of what economists call ricardian equivalence .

由于财政状况良好，亚洲较少出现经济学家所称的“李嘉图等价”（ricardianequivalence）现象。

3. The new system uses a calculation based on the energy equivalence of electricity .

新体系采用了一种基于电能能源等效的计算方法。

4. In fact , under some strict assumptions , the revenue equivalence theorem ( also due to vickrey ) states that all four auction types will result in an identical level of revenue to the seller .

事实上，收入等价定理（同样也是维克瑞的成果）就断言：在满足某些严格的假设的前提下，所有四种类型的拍卖，其为卖家带来的收入是完全一样的。

5. Economists who believe in " ricardian equivalence " after the early-19th-century economist david ricardo argue fiscal policy is ineffective , because households will offset any government dis-saving with their own higher savings .

信奉“李嘉图等价”定理（以19世纪经济学家大卫李嘉图（davidricardo）的名字命名）的经济学家认为，财政政策无效，因为对于政府的负储蓄，家庭部门将以提高自身储蓄加以补偿。

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